The admonition, without being harsh, was, however, clear and direct. As stat in the document that was sign on that occasion, (…) the aforemention commissioner urg the aforemention Galileo, present there, to completely abandon the aforemention opinion, namely, that the Sun is the immobile center of the universe and that the Earth moves; and that from now on he would refrain from maintaining, imparting or defending it in any way, whether verbally or in writing. Otherwise, the Holy Office would take action against him.
Ucationi Will Reflect on
The aforemention Galileo agre to this order and promis to obey it. (Hofstadter, 2009, p. 141). By that year, the wise Pisan had already gather what he consider business database irrefutable evidence in favor of the Copernican conception. In 1609, he had sight the irregularities of the lunar surface – a blow to the image fabl by Aristotle about the perfection of that star –, also the satellites of Jupiter and the phases of Venus, sightings with which he believ he could prove the movement from the earth.
Some of the Questions and
These discoveries, made possible thanks to the visual power of the telescope that he significantly optimiz, were made known by him in a booklet that he titl The Messenger Mobile List of the Stars . Shortly afterwards, between 1611 and 1613, the sighting of sunspots would confirm his idea about the falsity of the insurmountable dichotomy that Aristotle had establish between sublunary matter – the transitory mud that the fleeting human creature steps on – and the celestial spheres, a place where, describing an eternal circular movement, the stars, made up of ether, a subtle and incorporeal substance, march oblivious to the vicissitudes of time.
